The Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (CPC) is one of the most important procedural laws governing civil litigation in India. It lays down the procedure for institution of suits, appearance of parties, pleadings, trial, interim relief, decrees, appeals, and execution proceedings before civil courts.

For law students, judiciary aspirants, litigators, and legal researchers, understanding CPC becomes much easier when studied along with landmark judicial decisions. Courts have interpreted provisions relating to jurisdiction, pleadings, injunctions, parties to suits, res judicata, written statements, and procedural fairness over time, making case laws an essential part of CPC preparation.

Whether you are preparing for:

• Judiciary examinations
• Law school semester exams
• Moot court competitions
• Litigation internships
• AIBE or procedural law revision

having a section-wise and order-wise compilation of important CPC judgments can save both time and effort.

This mega-resource has been created to provide a structured, easy-to-read, and systematic compilation of landmark CPC case laws, organized provision-wise for quick understanding and revision.

In this part, we begin systematically from Order I onwards, covering important case laws related to parties to suit, joinder, impleadment, representative suits, pleadings, and procedural aspects of civil litigation.

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How to Use This CPC Case Law Compilation

This compilation is arranged:

1. Section-Wise

Important provisions of CPC are covered systematically for conceptual clarity.

2. Order-Wise

Each Order under CPC is categorized separately for easier revision and understanding.

3. Judiciary & Exam Friendly

The structure helps in:

• Judiciary preparation
• University examinations
• Litigation practice
• CPC quick revision

The objective of this article is simple:

To create a single, structured CPC case law repository that students and professionals can revisit anytime.

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Order I CPC – Parties to Suit

Order I CPC deals with:

• Necessary parties
• Proper parties
• Joinder of parties
• Misjoinder and non-joinder
• Representative suits
• Addition or deletion of parties

Courts have frequently interpreted Order I Rule 8 and Order I Rule 10 in civil disputes, especially in matters involving impleadment and representative litigation.

Provision	Case Law Name
Order I Rule 10	Ramesh Hirachand Kundanmal v. Municipal Corporation of Greater Bombay
Order I Rule 10	Kasturi v. Iyyamperumal
Order I Rule 10	Mumbai International Airport Pvt. Ltd. v. Regency Convention Centre & Hotels Pvt. Ltd.
Order I Rule 10	Razia Begum v. Sahebzadi Anwar Begum
Order I Rule 10	Thomson Press (India) Ltd. v. Nanak Builders & Investors Pvt. Ltd.
Order I Rule 10	Vidur Impex & Traders Pvt. Ltd. v. Tosh Apartments Pvt. Ltd.
Order I Rule 10	Amit Kumar Shaw v. Farida Khatoon
Order I Rule 9	Deputy Commissioner, Hardoi v. Rama Krishna Narain
Order I Rule 9	Udit Narain Singh Malpaharia v. Additional Member, Board of Revenue
Order I Rule 8	Chairman, Tamil Nadu Housing Board v. T.N. Ganapathy
Order I Rule 8	Kalyan Singh v. Chhoti
Necessary Party	Globe Ground (India) Employees Union v. Lufthansa German Airlines
Necessary Party	Kanakarathanammal v. V.S. Loganatha Mudaliar
Necessary/Proper Party	Church of Christ Charitable Trust & Educational Charitable Society v. Ponniamman Educational Trust
Misjoinder/Non-joinder	Prem Lala Nahata v. Chandi Prasad Sikaria
Representative Suit	Kodia Goundar v. Velandi Goundar

Order II CPC – Frame of Suit

Order II CPC deals with the frame of suit, joinder of causes of action, inclusion of the whole claim, and prohibition against splitting claims arising out of the same cause of action. Courts have extensively interpreted Order II Rule 2 CPC in matters relating to omission of relief, subsequent suits, and identity of cause of action.

Provision	Case Law Name
Order II Rule 2	Gurbux Singh v. Bhooralal
Order II Rule 2	Sidramappa v. Rajashetty
Order II Rule 2	Deva Ram v. Ishwar Chand
Order II Rule 2	Virgo Industries (Eng.) Pvt. Ltd. v. Venturetech Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
Order II Rule 2	Bengal Waterproof Ltd. v. Bombay Waterproof Manufacturing Co.
Order II Rule 2	Alka Gupta v. Narender Kumar Gupta
Order II Rule 2	Kunjan Nair Sivaraman Nair v. Narayanan Nair
Order II Rule 2	Rathnavathi v. Kavita Ganashamdas
Order II Rule 2	Coffee Board v. Ramesh Exports Pvt. Ltd.
Order II Rule 2	Inacio Martins v. Narayan Hari Naik
Order II Rule 2	Pramod Kumar v. Zalak Singh
Order II Rule 2	Kewal Singh v. Lajwanti
Order II Rule 2	Chhotabhai Jethabhai Patel v. Union of India
Order II Rule 2	Sucha Singh Sodhi v. Baldev Raj Walia
Order II Rule 2	Mohd. Khalil Khan v. Mahbub Ali Mian
Order II Rule 2	S. Nazeer Ahmed v. State Bank of Mysore
Order II Rule 2	Shankar Sitaram Sontakke v. Balkrishna Sitaram Sontakke
Order II Rule 2	Dalip Singh v. Mehar Singh Rathee
Order II Rule 2	Sulochana Amma v. Narayanan Nair
Order II Rule 2	K.S. Bhoopathy v. Kokila
Order II Rule 2	Life Insurance Corporation of India v. Sanjeev Builders Pvt. Ltd.
Order II Rule 2	State Bank of India v. Gracure Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Order II Rule 3	Prem Lala Nahata v. Chandi Prasad Sikaria
Order II Rule 3	State of Madhya Pradesh v. State of Maharashtra
Order II Rule 3	Chitivalasa Jute Mills v. Jaypee Rewa Cement
Whole Claim Principle	Gurbux Singh v. Bhooralal
Same Cause of Action	Mohd. Khalil Khan v. Mahbub Ali Mian
Joinder of Causes of Action	Prem Lala Nahata v. Chandi Prasad Sikaria

Order III CPC – Recognized Agents and Pleaders

Order III CPC deals with the appearance, applications, and acts in court through recognized agents and pleaders. It governs representation of parties through advocates, power of attorney holders, and authorized agents in civil proceedings.

Provision	Case Law Name
Order III Rule 1	Janki Vashdeo Bhojwani v. Indusind Bank Ltd.
Order III Rule 1	Shambhu Dutt Shastri v. State of Rajasthan
Order III Rule 1	Ram Prasad v. Hari Narain
Order III Rule 1	Man Kaur v. Hartar Singh Sangha
Order III Rule 2	T.C. Mathai v. District & Sessions Judge, Thiruvananthapuram
Order III Rule 2	Ravulu Subba Rao v. Commissioner of Income Tax
Order III Rule 2	Bhagwan Swaroop v. Mool Chand
Order III Rule 2	Smt. Shanti Devi v. Amal Kumar Banerjee
Order III Rule 4	Harishankar Rastogi v. Girdhari Sharma
Order III Rule 4	Himalayan Cooperative Group Housing Society v. Balwan Singh
Order III Rule 4	R.D. Saxena v. Balram Prasad Sharma
Power of Attorney	Janki Vashdeo Bhojwani v. Indusind Bank Ltd.
Power of Attorney	Man Kaur v. Hartar Singh Sangha
Pleader Representation	Harishankar Rastogi v. Girdhari Sharma
Authorized Agent	T.C. Mathai v. District & Sessions Judge, Thiruvananthapuram
Recognized Agent	Shambhu Dutt Shastri v. State of Rajasthan

Order II CPC – Frame of Suit

Order II CPC deals with:

• Frame of suit
• Cause of action
• Splitting of claims
• Relinquishment of claim
• Joinder of causes of action

The fundamental objective of Order II is to prevent multiplicity of proceedings and ensure that the entire dispute arising out of the same cause of action is decided in one proceeding.

Provision	Case Law Name
Order II Rule 2	Gurbux Singh v. Bhooralal
Order II Rule 2	Deva Ram v. Ishwar Chand
Order II Rule 2	Bengal Waterproof Ltd. v. Bombay Waterproof Manufacturing Co.
Order II Rule 2	Virgo Industries (Eng.) Pvt. Ltd. v. Venturetech Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
Order II Rule 2	Sidramappa v. Rajashetty
Order II Rule 2	Alka Gupta v. Narender Kumar Gupta
Order II Rule 2	Coffee Board v. Ramesh Exports Pvt. Ltd.
Order II Rule 2	State Bank of India v. Gracure Pharmaceuticals Ltd.
Order II Rule 2	Inacio Martins v. Narayan Hari Naik
Cause of Action	A.B.C. Laminart Pvt. Ltd. v. A.P. Agencies
Cause of Action	Bloom Dekor Ltd. v. Subhash Himatlal Desai
Cause of Action	Rajasthan High Court Advocates’ Association v. Union of India
Cause of Action	Kusum Ingots & Alloys Ltd. v. Union of India
Joinder of Causes of Action	Prem Lala Nahata v. Chandi Prasad Sikaria
Joinder of Claims	Sopan Sukhdeo Sable v. Assistant Charity Commissioner
Relinquishment of Claim	Virgo Industries (Eng.) Pvt. Ltd. v. Venturetech Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
Bar of Subsequent Suit	Gurbux Singh v. Bhooralal
Same Cause of Action	Bengal Waterproof Ltd. v. Bombay Waterproof Manufacturing Co.
Same Cause of Action	Sidramappa v. Rajashetty
Same Cause of Action	Deva Ram v. Ishwar Chand

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Order III CPC – Recognized Agents and Pleaders

Order III CPC governs:

• Appearance through pleaders
• Recognized agents
• Power of attorney holders
• Representation in proceedings

Provision	Case Law Name
Order III	Janki Vashdeo Bhojwani v. Indusind Bank Ltd.
Order III	Man Kaur v. Hartar Singh Sangha
Power of Attorney	Shankar Finance & Investments v. State of Andhra Pradesh
Power of Attorney	A.C. Narayanan v. State of Maharashtra
Representation by Agent	T.C. Mathai v. District & Sessions Judge
Pleader Representation	Himalayan Cooperative Group Housing Society v. Balwan Singh
Recognized Agent	Ravulu Subba Rao v. Commissioner of Income Tax
Authority of Pleader	Himalayan Cooperative Group Housing Society v. Balwan Singh
Pleader Acts	State of Maharashtra v. Ramdas Shrinivas Nayak
Counsel Authority	Jineshwardas v. Jagrani

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Order IV CPC – Institution of Suits

Order IV CPC deals with:

• Institution of suits
• Filing and commencement of proceedings

Provision	Case Law Name
Order IV	Liverpool & London S.P. & I Association Ltd. v. M.V. Sea Success I
Institution of Suit	Saleem Bhai v. State of Maharashtra
Institution of Proceedings	Mayar (H.K.) Ltd. v. Vessel M.V. Fortune Express
Institution of Civil Suit	Church of Christ Charitable Trust & Educational Charitable Society v. Ponniamman Educational Trust
Filing of Suit	T. Arivandandam v. T.V. Satyapal

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Order V CPC – Issue and Service of Summons

Order V CPC deals with:

• Service of summons
• Appearance of defendant
• Validity of service
• Ex parte proceedings

Provision	Case Law Name
Order V	Neerja Realtors Pvt. Ltd. v. Janglu
Service of Summons	Yallawwa v. Shantavva
Ex Parte Proceedings	Sangram Singh v. Election Tribunal
Valid Service	Parimal v. Veena
Summons	State of Punjab v. Shamlal Murari
Ex Parte Decree	Arjun Singh v. Mohindra Kumar
Service of Notice	Basawaraj v. Special Land Acquisition Officer
Service Procedure	Salem Advocate Bar Association v. Union of India
Delay & Procedure	Kailash v. Nanhku
Procedural Fairness	Sangram Singh v. Election Tribunal

Order VI CPC – Pleadings Generally

Order VI CPC deals with:

• Pleadings in civil suits
• Material facts and particulars
• Amendment of pleadings
• Verification of pleadings
• Striking out pleadings

The objective of pleadings is to clearly define disputes between parties and avoid surprises during trial.

Provision	Case Law Name
Order VI Rule 2	Trojan & Co. v. RM N.N. Nagappa Chettiar
Order VI Rule 2	Bachhaj Nahar v. Nilima Mandal
Order VI Rule 2	Bhagwati Prasad v. Chandramaul
Order VI Rule 2	Sopan Sukhdeo Sable v. Assistant Charity Commissioner
Order VI Rule 17	Revajeetu Builders & Developers v. Narayanaswamy & Sons
Order VI Rule 17	Salem Advocate Bar Association v. Union of India
Order VI Rule 17	Kailash v. Nanhku
Order VI Rule 17	Vidyabai v. Padmalatha
Order VI Rule 17	Baldev Singh v. Manohar Singh
Order VI Rule 17	Estralla Rubber v. Dass Estate (P) Ltd.
Order VI Rule 17	Andhra Bank v. ABN Amro Bank N.V.
Order VI Rule 17	Usha Devi v. Rijwan Ahmad
Amendment of Pleadings	Ganesh Trading Co. v. Moji Ram
Amendment of Pleadings	Sampath Kumar v. Ayyakannu
Amendment of Pleadings	Rajesh Kumar Aggarwal v. K.K. Modi
Amendment of Pleadings	North Eastern Railway Administration v. Bhagwan Das
Material Facts	Virendra Kashinath Ravat v. Vinayak N. Joshi
Particulars in Pleadings	Roop Lal Sathi v. Nachhattar Singh Gill
Verification of Pleadings	Sushil Kumar Jain v. Manoj Kumar
Striking Out Pleadings	Modula India v. Kamakshya Singh Deo

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Order VII CPC – Plaint

Order VII CPC deals with:

• Particulars of plaint
• Cause of action
• Rejection of plaint
• Relief claimed
• Documents annexed to plaint

The most litigated provision under Order VII is Rule 11 (Rejection of Plaint).

Provision	Case Law Name
Order VII Rule 11	T. Arivandandam v. T.V. Satyapal
Order VII Rule 11	Saleem Bhai v. State of Maharashtra
Order VII Rule 11	Mayar (H.K.) Ltd. v. Vessel M.V. Fortune Express
Order VII Rule 11	Church of Christ Charitable Trust & Educational Charitable Society v. Ponniamman Educational Trust
Order VII Rule 11	Hardesh Ores Pvt. Ltd. v. Hede & Company
Order VII Rule 11	Popat and Kotecha Property v. State Bank of India Staff Association
Order VII Rule 11	Madanuri Sri Rama Chandra Murthy v. Syed Jalal
Order VII Rule 11	Kamala v. K.T. Eshwara Sa
Order VII Rule 11	Dahiben v. Arvindbhai Kalyanji Bhanusali
Order VII Rule 11	Azhar Hussain v. Rajiv Gandhi
Plaint Drafting	Bhagwati Prasad v. Chandramaul
Cause of Action in Plaint	A.B.C. Laminart Pvt. Ltd. v. A.P. Agencies
Cause of Action	Bloom Dekor Ltd. v. Subhash Himatlal Desai
Rejection of Plaint	Liverpool & London S.P. & I Association Ltd. v. M.V. Sea Success I
Valuation of Suit	Tara Devi v. Sri Thakur Radha Krishna Maharaj

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Order VIII CPC – Written Statement, Set-Off and Counterclaim

Order VIII CPC governs:

• Filing of written statement
• Time limit for written statement
• Set-off and counterclaim
• Specific denial
• Consequences of non-filing

Provision	Case Law Name
Order VIII Rule 1	Kailash v. Nanhku
Order VIII Rule 1	Salem Advocate Bar Association v. Union of India
Order VIII Rule 1	Atcom Technologies Ltd. v. Y.A. Chunawala
Order VIII Rule 1	SCG Contracts India Pvt. Ltd. v. K.S. Chamankar Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd.
Order VIII Rule 1	Desh Raj v. Balkishan
Written Statement	Balraj Taneja v. Sunil Madan
Written Statement	Modula India v. Kamakshya Singh Deo
Set-Off	Union of India v. Karam Chand Thapar & Bros.
Counterclaim	Jag Mohan Chawla v. Dera Radha Swami Satsang
Counterclaim	Rohit Singh v. State of Bihar
Specific Denial	Badat & Co. v. East India Trading Co.
Non-Filing of WS	Balraj Taneja v. Sunil Madan
Procedural Compliance	Kailash v. Nanhku
Filing Beyond Limitation	Salem Advocate Bar Association v. Union of India
Commercial Suits WS	SCG Contracts India Pvt. Ltd. v. K.S. Chamankar Infrastructure Pvt. Ltd.

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Order IX CPC – Appearance of Parties and Consequences of Non-Appearance

Order IX CPC deals with:

• Appearance and non-appearance of parties
• Dismissal in default
• Restoration of suit
• Setting aside ex parte decree

Provision	Case Law Name
Order IX Rule 7	Arjun Singh v. Mohindra Kumar
Order IX Rule 13	Parimal v. Veena
Order IX Rule 13	G.P. Srivastava v. R.K. Raizada
Order IX Rule 13	Sangram Singh v. Election Tribunal
Order IX Rule 13	Yallawwa v. Shantavva
Ex Parte Decree	Arjun Singh v. Mohindra Kumar
Restoration of Suit	G.P. Srivastava v. R.K. Raizada
Sufficient Cause	Parimal v. Veena
Dismissal in Default	Sangram Singh v. Election Tribunal
Recall of Ex Parte Decree	Bhanu Kumar Jain v. Archana Kumar

Order X CPC – Examination of Parties by the Court

Order X CPC deals with:

• Examination of parties by court
• Clarification of pleadings
• Admissions and denials
• Identification of matters in controversy

The objective of Order X is to narrow down disputes and identify material questions before trial begins.

Provision	Case Law Name
Order X Rule 1	Kapil Corepacks Pvt. Ltd. v. Harbans Lal
Order X Rule 2	Salem Advocate Bar Association v. Union of India
Order X Rule 2	Kailash v. Nanhku
Examination of Parties	Sangram Singh v. Election Tribunal
Admissions by Parties	Nagindas Ramdas v. Dalpatram Iccharam
Clarification of Issues	Trojan & Co. v. RM N.N. Nagappa Chettiar
Court Examination	T. Arivandandam v. T.V. Satyapal
Pleading Clarification	Bachhaj Nahar v. Nilima Mandal

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Order XI CPC – Discovery and Inspection

Order XI CPC deals with:

• Discovery by interrogatories
• Discovery of documents
• Inspection of documents
• Production of evidence

Discovery helps parties disclose relevant materials before trial and reduces surprise litigation.

Provision	Case Law Name
Order XI	M.L. Sethi v. R.P. Kapur
Discovery of Documents	Raj Narain v. Indira Nehru Gandhi
Discovery & Inspection	M.S. Sheriff v. State of Madras
Interrogatories	Kesoram Industries & Cotton Mills Ltd. v. Union of India
Inspection of Documents	State of Uttar Pradesh v. Raj Narain
Production of Documents	S.P. Gupta v. Union of India
Privileged Documents	State of Punjab v. Sodhi Sukhdev Singh
Discovery Procedure	Salem Advocate Bar Association v. Union of India
Disclosure	Rohtas Industries Ltd. v. Rohtas Industries Staff Union
Document Production	M.L. Sethi v. R.P. Kapur

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Order XII CPC – Admissions

Order XII CPC deals with:

• Admissions of facts
• Admissions of documents
• Judgment upon admissions

Admissions reduce unnecessary litigation and shorten trial.

Provision	Case Law Name
Order XII Rule 6	Uttam Singh Duggal & Co. Ltd. v. Union Bank of India
Order XII Rule 6	Karam Kapahi v. Lal Chand Public Charitable Trust
Order XII Rule 6	Himani Alloys Ltd. v. Tata Steel Ltd.
Judgment on Admission	Jeevan Diesels & Electricals Ltd. v. Jasbir Singh Chadha
Admission of Facts	Nagindas Ramdas v. Dalpatram Iccharam
Documentary Admission	Badat & Co. v. East India Trading Co.
Admission in Pleadings	Modi Spinning & Weaving Mills Co. Ltd. v. Ladha Ram & Co.
Admission & Decree	Payal Vision Ltd. v. Radhika Choudhary

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Order XIII CPC – Production, Impounding and Return of Documents

Order XIII CPC deals with:

• Production of documentary evidence
• Admissibility of documents
• Return and impounding of documents

Provision	Case Law Name
Production of Documents	Sait Tarajee Khimchand v. Yelamarti Satyam
Documentary Evidence	LIC of India v. Ram Pal Singh Bisen
Admissibility of Documents	Roman Catholic Mission v. State of Madras
Documentary Proof	R.V.E. Venkatachala Gounder v. Arulmigu Viswesaraswami Temple
Marking of Documents	Bipin Shantilal Panchal v. State of Gujarat
Documentary Procedure	Salem Advocate Bar Association v. Union of India
Secondary Evidence	H. Siddiqui v. A. Ramalingam
Documentary Evidence	J. Yashoda v. K. Shobha Rani

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Order XIV CPC – Settlement of Issues and Determination of Suit on Issues of Law or Fact

Order XIV CPC deals with:

• Framing of issues
• Material propositions of fact and law
• Preliminary issues
• Determination of controversy

Order XIV is crucial because proper framing of issues determines the scope of trial.

Provision	Case Law Name
Order XIV Rule 1	Makhan Lal Bangal v. Manas Bhunia
Order XIV Rule 2	Major S.S. Khanna v. Brig. F.J. Dillon
Order XIV Rule 2	Ramesh B. Desai v. Bipin Vadilal Mehta
Preliminary Issue	Nusli Neville Wadia v. Ivory Properties
Framing of Issues	Trojan & Co. v. RM N.N. Nagappa Chettiar
Issue of Law & Fact	Sopan Sukhdeo Sable v. Assistant Charity Commissioner
Material Facts	Bachhaj Nahar v. Nilima Mandal
Determination of Issues	Kiran Singh v. Chaman Paswan

Order XV CPC – Disposal of the Suit at the First Hearing

Order XV CPC deals with:

• Disposal of suit at first hearing
• Pronouncement of judgment where no dispute exists
• Early disposal of suits

The objective of Order XV is speedy adjudication where parties are not genuinely in dispute.

Provision	Case Law Name
Order XV	Sangram Singh v. Election Tribunal
Disposal at First Hearing	Balraj Taneja v. Sunil Madan
Judgment without Full Trial	Karam Kapahi v. Lal Chand Public Charitable Trust
No Triable Issue	T. Arivandandam v. T.V. Satyapal
Early Disposal	Saleem Bhai v. State of Maharashtra
Summary Adjudication	Uttam Singh Duggal & Co. Ltd. v. Union Bank of India
Procedural Justice	Kailash v. Nanhku
Disposal of Suit	Modula India v. Kamakshya Singh Deo

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Order XVI CPC – Summoning and Attendance of Witnesses

Order XVI CPC deals with:

• Summoning of witnesses
• Attendance of witnesses
• Witness expenses
• Court powers regarding witness examination

Witness testimony forms an important part of civil adjudication and fair trial.

Provision	Case Law Name
Summoning of Witness	Mange Ram v. Brij Mohan
Witness Attendance	Salem Advocate Bar Association v. Union of India
Examination of Witness	R.V.E. Venkatachala Gounder v. Arulmigu Viswesaraswami Temple
Witness Procedure	Kailash v. Nanhku
Witness Examination	State of Haryana v. Ram Singh
Attendance of Witness	Sait Tarajee Khimchand v. Yelamarti Satyam
Documentary Witness	LIC of India v. Ram Pal Singh Bisen
Witness Credibility	Bipin Shantilal Panchal v. State of Gujarat

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Order XVII CPC – Adjournments

Order XVII CPC deals with:

• Grant of adjournments
• Sufficient cause for adjournment
• Delay in proceedings
• Consequences of default

Order XVII seeks to prevent unnecessary delays in civil proceedings.

Provision	Case Law Name
Order XVII	Salem Advocate Bar Association v. Union of India
Adjournment	Kailash v. Nanhku
Delay in Proceedings	Shiv Cotex v. Tirgun Auto Plast Pvt. Ltd.
Sufficient Cause	Sangram Singh v. Election Tribunal
Adjournment Abuse	Noor Mohammed v. Jethanand
Procedural Delay	Balraj Taneja v. Sunil Madan
Judicial Discretion	State of Punjab v. Shamlal Murari
Time Bound Procedure	Desh Raj v. Balkishan

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Order XVIII CPC – Hearing of Suit and Examination of Witnesses

Order XVIII CPC deals with:

• Hearing of suit
• Examination-in-chief
• Cross-examination
• Recording of evidence
• Affidavit evidence

Order XVIII is important for trial procedure and appreciation of evidence.

Provision	Case Law Name
Order XVIII	Salem Advocate Bar Association v. Union of India
Examination of Witness	Ameer Trading Corporation Ltd. v. Shapoorji Data Processing Ltd.
Affidavit Evidence	Ameer Trading Corporation Ltd. v. Shapoorji Data Processing Ltd.
Cross Examination	R.V.E. Venkatachala Gounder v. Arulmigu Viswesaraswami Temple
Recording of Evidence	Kailash v. Nanhku
Witness Examination	Mange Ram v. Brij Mohan
Trial Procedure	Sangram Singh v. Election Tribunal
Appreciation of Evidence	LIC of India v. Ram Pal Singh Bisen

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Order XIX CPC – Affidavits

Order XIX CPC deals with:

• Evidence by affidavit
• Proof through affidavits
• Court discretion in affidavit evidence

Provision	Case Law Name
Order XIX	Ameer Trading Corporation Ltd. v. Shapoorji Data Processing Ltd.
Affidavit Evidence	Sudha Devi v. M.P. Narayanan
Evidentiary Value of Affidavit	Khandesh Spinning & Weaving Mills Co. Ltd. v. Rashtriya Girni Kamgar Sangh
Proof by Affidavit	Smt. Savithramma v. Cecil Naronha
Affidavit Procedure	Salem Advocate Bar Association v. Union of India
Court Discretion	Bipin Shantilal Panchal v. State of Gujarat

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Order XX CPC – Judgment and Decree

Order XX CPC deals with:

• Pronouncement of judgment
• Contents of decree
• Preparation of decree
• Final adjudication

Provision	Case Law Name
Order XX	Balraj Taneja v. Sunil Madan
Judgment and Decree	State of Punjab v. Jagdev Singh Talwandi
Preliminary and Final Decree	Phoolchand v. Gopal Lal
Decree	Topanmal Chhotamal v. Kundomal Gangaram
Final Adjudication	Kiran Singh v. Chaman Paswan
Speaking Judgment	Assistant Commissioner, Commercial Tax Department v. Shukla & Brothers
Judgment Writing	Balraj Taneja v. Sunil Madan
Contents of Judgment	H. Siddiqui v. A. Ramalingam

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Order XXXVIII CPC – Arrest and Attachment Before Judgment

Order XXXVIII CPC deals with:

• Arrest before judgment
• Attachment before judgment
• Protection of decree holder’s interest
• Prevention of defeat of decree

Provision	Case Law Name
Order XXXVIII Rule 5	Raman Tech & Process Engineering Co. v. Solanki Traders
Order XXXVIII Rule 5	Premraj Mundra v. Md. Maneck Gazi
Attachment Before Judgment	Huawei Technologies Co. Ltd. v. Sterlite Technologies Ltd.
Conditional Attachment	Raman Tech & Process Engineering Co. v. Solanki Traders
Pre-Decree Attachment	Waqf Board v. Abdul Azeez
Fraudulent Disposal of Property	Renox Commercials Ltd. v. Inventa Technologies Pvt. Ltd.

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Order XXXIX CPC – Temporary Injunctions and Interlocutory Orders

Order XXXIX CPC deals with:

• Temporary injunctions
• Interim relief
• Status quo orders
• Balance of convenience
• Irreparable injury
• Prima facie case

Order XXXIX is one of the most important provisions in civil litigation.

Provision	Case Law Name
Order XXXIX Rule 1–2	Dalpat Kumar v. Prahlad Singh
Order XXXIX Rule 1–2	Wander Ltd. v. Antox India Pvt. Ltd.
Order XXXIX Rule 1–2	Gujarat Bottling Co. Ltd. v. Coca Cola Co.
Order XXXIX Rule 1–2	Zenit Mataplast Pvt. Ltd. v. State of Maharashtra
Temporary Injunction	Seema Arshad Zaheer v. Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai
Temporary Injunction	Best Sellers Retail (India) Pvt. Ltd. v. Aditya Birla Nuvo Ltd.
Interim Relief	American Cyanamid Co. v. Ethicon Ltd.
Prima Facie Case	Dalpat Kumar v. Prahlad Singh
Balance of Convenience	Wander Ltd. v. Antox India Pvt. Ltd.
Irreparable Injury	Gujarat Bottling Co. Ltd. v. Coca Cola Co.
Mandatory Injunction	Dorab Cawasji Warden v. Coomi Sorab Warden
Status Quo Order	Maharwal Khewaji Trust v. Baldev Dass
Ex Parte Injunction	Morgan Stanley Mutual Fund v. Kartick Das
Interim Protection	Deoraj v. State of Maharashtra

Order XL CPC – Appointment of Receivers

Order XL CPC deals with:

• Appointment of receiver
• Custody and preservation of property
• Protection of disputed property during litigation
• Powers and duties of receiver

A receiver is appointed to preserve property during pendency of proceedings where the court considers it just and convenient.

Provision	Case Law Name
Order XL Rule 1	T. Krishnaswamy Chetty v. C. Thangavelu Chetty
Appointment of Receiver	Krishna Kumar Khemka v. Grindlays Bank P.L.C.
Receiver Jurisdiction	Parmanand Patel v. Sudha A. Chowgule
Custody of Property	Jagat Tarini Dasi v. Naba Gopal Chaki
Preservation of Property	Hiralal Patni v. Kali Nath
Court Receiver	Anthony C. Leo v. Nandlal Bal Krishnan
Receiver Powers	Firm Ashok Traders v. Gurumukh Das Saluja
Just and Convenient Principle	T. Krishnaswamy Chetty v. C. Thangavelu Chetty

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Order XLI CPC – Appeals from Original Decrees

Order XLI CPC deals with:

• First appeal
• Appellate powers
• Additional evidence in appeal
• Remand of cases
• Stay of decree

Order XLI is one of the most important appellate provisions under CPC.

Provision	Case Law Name
Order XLI Rule 27	Union of India v. Ibrahim Uddin
Order XLI Rule 27	Arjan Singh v. Kartar Singh
Order XLI Rule 23	Narayanan v. Kumaran
Additional Evidence	Union of India v. Ibrahim Uddin
Stay in Appeal	Atma Ram Properties Pvt. Ltd. v. Federal Motors Pvt. Ltd.
Remand	P. Purushottam Reddy v. Pratap Steels Ltd.
First Appeal	Santosh Hazari v. Purushottam Tiwari
Reappreciation of Evidence	Madhukar v. Sangram
Appellate Court Duty	H.K.N. Swami v. Irshad Basith
Speaking Appellate Judgment	Santosh Hazari v. Purushottam Tiwari

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Order XLII CPC – Appeals from Appellate Decrees

Order XLII CPC deals with:

• Procedure relating to second appeals

Provision	Case Law Name
Order XLII	Santosh Hazari v. Purushottam Tiwari
Procedure in Second Appeal	Kondiba Dagadu Kadam v. Savitribai Sopan Gujar
Appellate Procedure	H.K.N. Swami v. Irshad Basith
Scope of Second Appeal	Hero Vinoth v. Seshammal
Question of Law	Govindaraju v. Mariamman

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Order XLIII CPC – Appeals from Orders

Order XLIII CPC deals with:

• Appealable orders
• Interlocutory orders
• Appeals against injunction orders

Provision	Case Law Name
Order XLIII Rule 1	Shah Babulal Khimji v. Jayaben D. Kania
Appeal Against Injunction	Wander Ltd. v. Antox India Pvt. Ltd.
Appealable Order	Midnapore Peoples’ Coop. Bank Ltd. v. Chunilal Nanda
Interlocutory Appeal	Morgan Stanley Mutual Fund v. Kartick Das
Appellate Interference	Dalpat Kumar v. Prahlad Singh

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Order XLIV CPC – Appeals by Indigent Persons

Order XLIV CPC deals with:

• Appeals by indigent persons
• Financial inability to pay court fee

Provision	Case Law Name
Order XLIV	Mathai M. Paikeday v. C.K. Antony
Indigent Person Appeal	Union Bank of India v. Khader International Construction
Pauper Appeal	Smt. Vijai Pratap Singh v. Dukh Haran Nath Singh
Financial Incapacity	Mathai M. Paikeday v. C.K. Antony

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Order XLV CPC – Appeals to Supreme Court

Order XLV CPC deals with:

• Appeals to Supreme Court in civil matters

Provision	Case Law Name
Order XLV	Chunilal V. Mehta v. Century Spinning & Manufacturing Co. Ltd.
Substantial Question	Sir Chunilal Mehta & Sons Ltd. v. Century Spinning & Manufacturing Co. Ltd.
Appeal to Supreme Court	Pankajakshi (Dead) Through LRs v. Chandrika
Certificate for Appeal	State Bank of India v. S.N. Goyal

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Order XLVII CPC – Review

Order XLVII CPC deals with:

• Review jurisdiction
• Error apparent on face of record
• Discovery of new evidence

Provision	Case Law Name
Order XLVII Rule 1	Moran Mar Basselios Catholicos v. Most Rev. Mar Poulose Athanasius
Review Jurisdiction	Lily Thomas v. Union of India
Error Apparent	Parsion Devi v. Sumitri Devi
Scope of Review	Kamlesh Verma v. Mayawati
Review Power	Northern India Caterers (India) Ltd. v. Lt. Governor of Delhi
Discovery of New Matter	Board of Control for Cricket in India v. Netaji Cricket Club

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Section 115 CPC – Revision

Section 115 CPC deals with:

• Revisional jurisdiction of High Courts
• Jurisdictional error
• Material irregularity

Provision	Case Law Name
Section 115	Major S.S. Khanna v. Brig. F.J. Dillon
Revisional Jurisdiction	Shiv Shakti Coop. Housing Society v. Swaraj Developers
Jurisdictional Error	Baldevdas Shivlal v. Filmistan Distributors
Scope of Revision	Prem Bakshi v. Dharam Dev
Material Irregularity	Pandurang Dhondi Chougule v. Maruti Hari Jadhav

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Section 151 CPC – Inherent Powers of Court

Section 151 CPC deals with:

• Inherent powers
• Ends of justice
• Abuse of process of court

Provision	Case Law Name
Section 151	Manohar Lal Chopra v. Rai Bahadur Rao Raja Seth Hiralal
Inherent Powers	Padam Sen v. State of Uttar Pradesh
Abuse of Process	Ram Chand and Sons Sugar Mills Pvt. Ltd. v. Kanhayalal Bhargava
Ends of Justice	Nain Singh v. Koonwarjee
Inherent Jurisdiction	Arjun Singh v. Mohindra Kumar

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Sections 9–20 CPC – Jurisdiction, Stay of Suit, Res Judicata & Place of Suing

Sections 9–20 CPC form the foundation of civil litigation. These provisions deal with:

• Jurisdiction of civil courts
• Stay of suit (res sub judice)
• Res judicata
• Foreign judgments
• Place of suing
• Territorial and pecuniary jurisdiction

Courts have extensively interpreted these provisions to prevent multiplicity of proceedings, conflicting decisions, and abuse of judicial process.

Provision	Case Law Name
Section 9	Most Rev. P.M.A. Metropolitan v. Moran Mar Marthoma
Section 9	Dhulabhai v. State of Madhya Pradesh
Section 9	Secretary of State v. Mask & Co.
Section 9	Abdul Waheed Khan v. Bhawani
Section 9	Raja Ram Kumar Bhargava v. Union of India
Section 10	Indian Bank v. Maharashtra State Cooperative Marketing Federation Ltd.
Section 10	National Institute of Mental Health & Neuro Sciences v. C. Parameshwara
Section 10	Aspi Jal v. Khushroo Rustom Dadyburjor
Section 10	Pukhraj D. Jain v. G. Gopalakrishna
Section 10	Deva Ram v. Ishwar Chand
Section 11	Satyadhyan Ghosal v. Deorajin Debi
Section 11	Sheodan Singh v. Daryao Kunwar
Section 11	Daryao v. State of Uttar Pradesh
Section 11	Hope Plantations Ltd. v. Taluk Land Board
Section 11	Forward Construction Co. v. Prabhat Mandal
Section 11	State of Uttar Pradesh v. Nawab Hussain
Section 11	Lal Chand v. Radha Kishan
Section 11	Gulabchand Chhotalal Parikh v. State of Gujarat
Section 11	Y.B. Patil v. Y.L. Patil
Section 11	Workmen v. Board of Trustees of Cochin Port Trust
Section 12	Sarguja Transport Service v. State Transport Appellate Tribunal
Section 13	International Woollen Mills v. Standard Wool (U.K.) Ltd.
Section 13	R. Viswanathan v. Rukn-ul-Mulk Syed Abdul Wajid
Section 13	Satya v. Teja Singh
Section 13	Alcon Electronics Pvt. Ltd. v. Celem S.A.
Section 13	Moloji Nar Singh Rao v. Shankar Saran
Section 14	Sankaran Govindan v. Lakshmi Bharathi
Section 15	Kiran Singh v. Chaman Paswan
Section 16	Harshad Chiman Lal Modi v. DLF Universal Ltd.
Section 16	Adcon Electronics Pvt. Ltd. v. Daulat
Section 17	Harshad Chiman Lal Modi v. DLF Universal Ltd.
Section 18	A.B.C. Laminart Pvt. Ltd. v. A.P. Agencies
Section 19	Patel Roadways Ltd. v. Prasad Trading Co.
Section 19	New Moga Transport Co. v. United India Insurance Co. Ltd.
Section 20	A.B.C. Laminart Pvt. Ltd. v. A.P. Agencies
Section 20	Patel Roadways Ltd. v. Prasad Trading Co.
Section 20	Kusum Ingots & Alloys Ltd. v. Union of India
Section 20	Rajasthan High Court Advocates’ Association v. Union of India
Territorial Jurisdiction	Harshad Chiman Lal Modi v. DLF Universal Ltd.
Pecuniary Jurisdiction	Kiran Singh v. Chaman Paswan
Cause of Action	Bloom Dekor Ltd. v. Subhash Himatlal Desai
Cause of Action	Oil and Natural Gas Commission v. Utpal Kumar Basu
Place of Suing	A.B.C. Laminart Pvt. Ltd. v. A.P. Agencies
Res Sub Judice	Indian Bank v. Maharashtra State Cooperative Marketing Federation Ltd.
Constructive Res Judicata	State of Uttar Pradesh v. Nawab Hussain
Foreign Judgment	Satya v. Teja Singh

Sections 21–35 CPC – Transfer of Suits, Objections to Jurisdiction, Parties, Interest, Costs and Compensatory Relief

Sections 21–35 CPC deal with:

• Objections to jurisdiction
• Transfer and withdrawal of suits
• Institution and conduct of suits
• Payment of interest
• Costs and compensatory costs
• Execution-related procedural principles

Also Read: Suits Relating to Public Nuisance & Public Charities under CPC

These provisions play an important role in procedural fairness, judicial efficiency, and preventing abuse of civil litigation.

Provision	Case Law Name
Section 21	Kiran Singh v. Chaman Paswan
Section 21	Pathumma v. Kuntalan Kutty
Section 21	Hira Lal Patni v. Kali Nath
Section 21	Bahrein Petroleum Co. Ltd. v. P.J. Pappu
Section 21A	Subhash Mahadevasa Habib v. Nemasa Ambasa Dharmadas
Section 22	Maneka Sanjay Gandhi v. Rani Jethmalani
Section 22	Indian Overseas Bank v. Chemical Construction Co.
Section 23	Kulwinder Kaur v. Kandi Friends Education Trust
Section 24	Maneka Sanjay Gandhi v. Rani Jethmalani
Section 24	Kulwinder Kaur v. Kandi Friends Education Trust
Section 24	Guda Vijayalakshmi v. Guda Ramachandra Sekhara Sastry
Section 24	Ram Gulam v. Ugrasen
Section 25	Maneka Sanjay Gandhi v. Rani Jethmalani
Section 25	Kulwinder Kaur v. Kandi Friends Education Trust
Section 26	Salem Advocate Bar Association v. Union of India
Section 27	Sangram Singh v. Election Tribunal
Section 28	State of Punjab v. Shamlal Murari
Section 30	Salem Advocate Bar Association v. Union of India
Section 30	M.L. Sethi v. R.P. Kapur
Section 34	Central Bank of India v. Ravindra
Section 34	Secretary, Irrigation Department, Government of Orissa v. G.C. Roy
Section 34	Renusagar Power Co. Ltd. v. General Electric Co.
Section 35	Salem Advocate Bar Association v. Union of India
Section 35A	Ashok Kumar Mittal v. Ram Kumar Gupta
Section 35A	Vinod Seth v. Devinder Bajaj
Section 35B	Salem Advocate Bar Association v. Union of India
Jurisdictional Objection	Hira Lal Patni v. Kali Nath
Waiver of Jurisdiction	Bahrein Petroleum Co. Ltd. v. P.J. Pappu
Transfer of Suit	Kulwinder Kaur v. Kandi Friends Education Trust
Transfer by Supreme Court	Maneka Sanjay Gandhi v. Rani Jethmalani
Award of Interest	Central Bank of India v. Ravindra
Costs	Vinod Seth v. Devinder Bajaj
Compensatory Costs	Ashok Kumar Mittal v. Ram Kumar Gupta
Procedural Powers	Salem Advocate Bar Association v. Union of India

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Order XXI CPC – Execution of Decrees and Orders

Order XXI CPC is one of the most important and heavily litigated provisions of the CPC. It governs:

• Execution of decrees
• Modes of execution
• Attachment and sale of property
• Resistance to execution
• Arrest and detention
• Delivery of possession
• Executing court powers

Execution proceedings are often described as the life of a decree, because a successful litigant ultimately seeks enforcement of rights through execution.

Provision	Case Law Name
Section 36 / Order XXI	Ghanshyam Dass Gupta v. Anant Kumar Sinha
Order XXI Rule 1	Gurpreet Singh v. Union of India
Order XXI Rule 2	M.P. Shreevastava v. Veena
Order XXI Rule 10	Topanmal Chhotamal v. Kundomal Gangaram
Order XXI Rule 16	Jugalkishore Saraf v. Raw Cotton Co. Ltd.
Order XXI Rule 22	Brahmdeo Chaudhary v. Rishikesh Prasad Jaiswal
Order XXI Rule 26	Mahijibhai Mohanbhai Barot v. Patel Manibhai Gokalbhai
Order XXI Rule 29	Krishna Singh v. Mathura Ahir
Order XXI Rule 32	Hungerford Investment Trust Ltd. v. Haridas Mundhra
Order XXI Rule 35	B. Gangadhar v. B.G. Rajalingam
Order XXI Rule 37	Jolly George Varghese v. Bank of Cochin
Order XXI Rule 41	Delhi Development Authority v. Skipper Construction Co. (P) Ltd.
Order XXI Rule 54	Desh Bandhu Gupta v. N.L. Anand & Rajinder Singh
Order XXI Rule 58	Smt. Shreenath v. Rajesh
Order XXI Rule 64	Sai Enterprises v. Bhimreddy Laxmaiah
Order XXI Rule 66	Desh Bandhu Gupta v. N.L. Anand & Rajinder Singh
Order XXI Rule 89	P.K. Unni v. Nirmala Industries
Order XXI Rule 90	Janak Raj v. Gurdial Singh
Order XXI Rule 97	Brahmdeo Chaudhary v. Rishikesh Prasad Jaiswal
Order XXI Rule 99	Silverline Forum Pvt. Ltd. v. Rajiv Trust
Order XXI Rule 101	Brahmdeo Chaudhary v. Rishikesh Prasad Jaiswal
Order XXI Rule 103	Silverline Forum Pvt. Ltd. v. Rajiv Trust
Order XXI Rule 106	Damodaran Pillai v. South Indian Bank Ltd.
Execution of Decree	Ghanshyam Dass Gupta v. Anant Kumar Sinha
Executing Court Powers	Hiralal Patni v. Kali Nath
Delivery of Possession	B. Gangadhar v. B.G. Rajalingam
Arrest in Execution	Jolly George Varghese v. Bank of Cochin
Auction Sale	Janak Raj v. Gurdial Singh
Attachment of Property	Desh Bandhu Gupta v. N.L. Anand & Rajinder Singh
Obstruction in Possession	Brahmdeo Chaudhary v. Rishikesh Prasad Jaiswal
Resistance to Execution	Silverline Forum Pvt. Ltd. v. Rajiv Trust

Conclusion

The Civil Procedure Code, 1908 is best understood through judicial interpretation. From institution of suits and pleadings to injunctions, appeals, review, revision, and inherent powers, courts have shaped CPC jurisprudence through landmark decisions over time.

This section-wise and order-wise compilation aims to create a single repository of important CPC case laws for law students, judiciary aspirants, litigators, researchers, and legal professionals. As the procedural law evolves, revisiting landmark judgments remains essential for understanding practical application of CPC provisions in Indian courts.

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