Daily Current Affairs: 25 September 2026

The Supreme Court dismissed a plea on Hindi as its official language and reserved its verdict on the Sambhal mosque survey.

Intro

This daily digest covers key legal, governance, economic, defence, environmental and international developments.

These updates are for 25 September 2026 and are tailored for CLAT, judiciary exams and law students.

India

1. SC Dismisses Plea for Commission on Hindi as Supreme Court’s Official Language

Subject: Polity and Governance

What Happened

On 25 September 2026, the Supreme Court dismissed a petition seeking a commission to recommend the use of Hindi as the official language of the Supreme Court. The petition was filed by Brahmeshwar Nath Mishra against the Union of India. The bench comprising Chief Justice of India Surya Kant and Justices Joymalya Bagchi and V Mohana said that such changes do not come through court orders and instead occur gradually through institutional reforms. The CJI also referred to steps already being taken by the Court, including brief descriptions of judgments and reports in Hindi, with plans to extend this to other regional languages.

Key Facts

• Article 348(1)(a) of the Constitution provides for proceedings in the Supreme Court and High Courts to be conducted in English, subject to constitutional provisions on other languages.
• The Supreme Court declined the requested relief and dismissed the petition.
• Justice Mohana observed that directing a commission of the kind sought could effectively amount to a constitutional change.

Exam Angle

The story is relevant to Article 348 and the constitutional framework governing the language of courts. It may also raise questions about the limits of judicial directions where constitutional or legislative action is involved.

2. SC Asks BCI to Clarify Stand on Upper Age Limit for Five-Year Law Courses

Subject: Legal Education

What Happened

On 25 September 2026, the Supreme Court asked the Bar Council of India to clarify whether it was willing to withdraw the upper age limit prescribed for admission to five-year integrated law courses. The bench of CJI Surya Kant and Justices Joymalya Bagchi and V Mohana was hearing a plea filed by Rishabh Duggal challenging the restriction. The BCI defended the limit by stating that most five-year law courses are residential and suggested that older students could opt for three-year law courses. Justice Bagchi observed that not all five-year courses are residential and questioned whether residential status was a valid basis for fixing an upper age limit.

Key Facts

• In March 2017, the Supreme Court stayed a BCI decision prescribing an upper age limit of 22 years for five-year LLB courses and 45 years for three-year courses.
• The legal issue concerns whether the BCI’s statutory power to regulate legal education and prescribe qualifications extends to fixing an upper age limit.
• The Court sought clarification from the BCI on its position.

Exam Angle

The issue concerns regulation of legal education and the limits of statutory rule-making powers. It may be relevant to questions on the role and regulatory authority of the Bar Council of India.

3. SC Reserves Verdict on Plea Against Survey of Sambhal Shahi Jama Masjid

Subject: Judiciary

What Happened

On 25 September 2026, the Supreme Court reserved its judgment on a special leave petition filed by the Committee of Management of Jami Masjid, Sambhal, challenging an order appointing an Advocate Commissioner to survey the mosque premises. The bench comprised Justices P S Narasimha and Alok Aradhe. The dispute arises from a civil suit in which Hindu plaintiffs claim that the mosque stands on the site of a Hindu temple described as the Harihar temple. The trial court at Chandausi ordered the survey, while the Allahabad High Court upheld the order. The Archaeological Survey of India stated that the Shahi Jama Masjid is a centrally protected monument.

Key Facts

• The Places of Worship (Special Provisions) Act, 1991 bars conversion of the religious character of a place of worship as it existed on 15 August 1947.
• The mosque committee questioned the maintainability of the proceedings by relying on the 1991 Act.
• The Court has reserved its verdict. No ruling has been delivered.

Exam Angle

The story is relevant to the Places of Worship Act, 1991, particularly its 15 August 1947 cut-off. It also concerns the role of an Advocate Commissioner in civil proceedings and the meaning of a judgment being reserved.

4. SC Refuses to Interfere with Forensic Audit of Fortis in Daiichi Sankyo Case

Subject: Corporate and Commercial Law

What Happened

On 25 September 2026, the Supreme Court rejected a plea by Fortis Healthcare Ltd against a forensic audit of transactions involving the company and its former promoters, Malvinder Mohan Singh and Shivinder Mohan Singh. The audit arose from proceedings in which Daiichi Sankyo is seeking to enforce a Rs 3,500 crore arbitral award against the former promoters. The Delhi High Court had ordered the forensic audit on 31 August 2026 and appointed S Ramanand Aiyar and Co as the forensic auditor, with six months to complete the exercise. The Supreme Court said Fortis could allow the audit to proceed and seek a clean chit if nothing was found against it.

Key Facts

• The Delhi High Court ordered the forensic audit on 31 August 2026.
• The forensic auditor was directed to complete the exercise within six months.
• The Supreme Court clarified that observations made by the Delhi High Court against Fortis were tentative and prima facie.
• The auditor must work independently and not be influenced by those observations.

Exam Angle

The case is relevant to enforcement of arbitral awards, forensic audits ordered during proceedings and the legal meaning of prima facie observations. Such observations are tentative and do not by themselves establish liability.

5. Make in India Completes 12 Years

Subject: Economy

What Happened

On 25 September 2026, the government marked 12 years of the Make in India initiative. Union Commerce and Industry Minister Piyush Goyal said India had moved from manufacturing mainly for its domestic market towards manufacturing for global markets. Prime Minister Narendra Modi also marked the anniversary with a post highlighting growth in manufacturing, investment and exports. Goyal said the next phase would carry a larger global ambition, with the objective of making India a global manufacturing powerhouse in line with the Viksit Bharat 2047 vision.

Key Facts

• Make in India was launched on 25 September 2014.
• The initiative seeks to position India as a global hub for manufacturing, design and innovation.
• Make in India 2.0 covers 27 sectors, comprising 15 manufacturing sectors and 12 services sectors.
• Production Linked Incentive schemes have drawn Rs 2.40 lakh crore in investment.

Exam Angle

The initiative is relevant to questions on India’s manufacturing policy and the Production Linked Incentive framework. The launch date and number of sectors under Make in India 2.0 are useful revision points.

6. India Wins Shooting Gold at Asian Games as Day 6 Brings Five More Medals

Subject: Sports

What Happened

On 25 September 2026, Day 6 of the 20th Asian Games at Aichi-Nagoya, Japan, brought India a gold, two silvers and three bronzes. Kamaljeet and Suruchi Singh won gold in the mixed team 10m air pistol event, giving India its first shooting gold of these Games and its second gold overall after the women’s cricket team. Aishwary Singh Tomar, Rudrankksh Patil and Niraj Kumar won silver in the men’s 50m rifle three positions team event. Gulveer Singh won silver in the men’s 10,000m. Manpreet Kaur, Baranica Elangovan, Manush Shah and Diya Chitale also won bronze medals in their respective events.

Key Facts

• The 20th Asian Games are being held at Aichi and Nagoya from 19 September to 4 October 2026.
• Kamaljeet and Suruchi Singh won the mixed team 10m air pistol gold.
• Aishwary Singh Tomar, Rudrankksh Patil and Niraj Kumar won silver in men’s 50m rifle three positions.
• According to Olympics.com, the mixed pistol gold came with an Asian-record score of 484.6.

Exam Angle

The story is relevant to sports current affairs, particularly the host location and edition of the Asian Games. Questions may also focus on India’s medal-winning events and athletes.

7. INS Sahyadri and INS Kulish Conclude ADMM-Plus Maritime Security Activity

Subject: Defence and Security

What Happened

On 25 September 2026, Indian Navy stealth frigate INS Sahyadri and missile corvette INS Kulish concluded their participation in the 23rd ADMM-Plus Experts’ Working Group on Maritime Security Joint Cooperation Activity at Subic Bay, Philippines. The closing ceremony was held on 25 September after the activity began on 21 September at Naval Operating Base Subic. It was hosted by the Philippine Navy and co-chaired by Japan. The activity included exchanges on maritime peace and security, senior enlisted leadership and marine environmental protection, along with sea-phase drills involving search and rescue, hydrographic survey, medical evacuation and assistance to vessels aground.

Key Facts

• ADMM-Plus stands for ASEAN Defence Ministers’ Meeting-Plus.
• The activity was held at Subic Bay, Philippines.
• India’s participation was linked to the Act East Policy and the MAHASAGAR vision.
• MAHASAGAR stands for Mutual and Holistic Advancement for Security and Growth Across Regions.

Exam Angle

The development is relevant to India’s maritime diplomacy and defence engagement with ASEAN countries. ADMM-Plus, the Act East Policy and MAHASAGAR are important terms for defence and international relations questions.

8. Deep Depression Over South Odisha Weakens; IMD Warns of Extremely Heavy Rain

Subject: Environment and Disaster Management

What Happened

On 25 September 2026, the India Meteorological Department said that the deep depression over south Odisha and adjoining south Chhattisgarh had weakened into a depression. At 5:30 am IST, the system was centred over south interior Odisha and adjoining Chhattisgarh and was moving north-northwestwards at about 15 kmph. The system had crossed the Andhra Pradesh-Odisha coast on 23-24 September. The IMD forecast isolated extremely heavy rainfall over several regions, including Chhattisgarh, East Madhya Pradesh and Sub-Himalayan West Bengal and Sikkim.

Key Facts

• Heavy rain is classified by IMD as 64.5-115.5 mm.
• Very heavy rain is 115.6-204.4 mm.
• Extremely heavy rain is above 204.4 mm.
• The system weakened from a deep depression to a depression.

Exam Angle

The story is relevant to IMD rainfall classifications and the classification of cyclonic disturbances. The threshold for extremely heavy rainfall is a useful fact for environment and disaster-management questions.

International

9. India and Liberia Launch UN Group of Friends on Shipping and Seafarers

Subject: International Relations

What Happened

On 25 September 2026, India and Liberia launched the Group of Friends on Safety and Security of Shipping and Seafarers at the United Nations headquarters in New York. The launch took place on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly’s High-Level Week. India’s External Affairs Minister S Jaishankar and Liberia’s Foreign Minister Sara Beysolow Nyanti led the initiative, with more than 20 countries participating in the inaugural meeting. Liberia identified vessel safety and environmental protection, security of commercial sea lanes and the welfare of seafarers as three priorities.

Key Facts

• The group will work alongside the International Maritime Organization and the International Labour Organization.
• India is a major source country for seafarers.
• Liberia hosts the largest shipping registry by tonnage.
• Members will develop the group’s terms of reference.

Exam Angle

The development is relevant to international maritime governance and UN diplomatic groupings. Questions may focus on the launching countries and the roles of the IMO and ILO.

10. UN General Assembly Holds Second High-Level Meeting on Pandemic Preparedness

Subject: Global Health and Multilateralism

What Happened

On 25 September 2026, the UN General Assembly held its second High-Level Meeting on Pandemic Prevention, Preparedness and Response at UN headquarters in New York. The meeting followed the first such meeting in 2023 and considered a Political Declaration focused on equity, solidarity, multilateral cooperation and sustainable investment. UN Deputy Secretary-General Amina Mohammed urged Member States to finalise the Pathogen Access and Benefit-Sharing annex to the WHO Pandemic Agreement. The declaration also highlights the One Health approach, linking human, animal and environmental health.

Key Facts

• PABS stands for Pathogen Access and Benefit-Sharing.
• Adoption of the PABS annex at the World Health Assembly in May 2027 is needed before Member States can begin national consideration of ratifying the WHO Pandemic Agreement.
• The One Health approach links human, animal and environmental health.
• India was represented by its Health Secretary, according to the supplied coverage.

Exam Angle

The story is relevant to global health governance, the WHO Pandemic Agreement, the PABS system and the One Health approach. These concepts may form part of questions on international institutions and multilateral health cooperation.

Quick Revision Points

• Article 348(1)(a) provides for English in the Supreme Court and High Courts, subject to constitutional provisions.
• The Places of Worship (Special Provisions) Act, 1991 uses 15 August 1947 as the relevant cut-off for religious character.
• Make in India was launched on 25 September 2014 and covers 27 sectors under Make in India 2.0.
• The Supreme Court stayed the BCI’s 22-year and 45-year age limits for five-year and three-year LLB courses respectively in March 2017.
• IMD classifies rainfall above 204.4 mm as extremely heavy rainfall.
• MAHASAGAR means Mutual and Holistic Advancement for Security and Growth Across Regions.
• The 20th Asian Games are being held at Aichi-Nagoya, Japan, from 19 September to 4 October 2026.
• PABS means Pathogen Access and Benefit-Sharing and forms part of the WHO Pandemic Agreement framework.

Closing

These developments cover major legal, economic, defence, environmental, sports and international affairs from 25 September 2026.

They highlight constitutional provisions, regulatory powers, judicial proceedings and key developments relevant to law-focused competitive examinations.